The Importance of Sunscreen: Protecting Your Skin This Summer
With the arrival of summer in North Carolina, from the vibrant EnoFest in Durham to the festive Christmas in July in Ashe County, outdoor activities abound. However, as you enjoy the sun-drenched days, it’s crucial to prioritize skin protection through sunscreen application.
Understanding Sunscreen: Why It Matters
The Environmental Working Group (EWG) has published its annual Sunscreen Guide since 2007, highlighting the effectiveness of numerous sunscreen products. In its latest findings, out of 2,204 tested products, only 498—approximately 23%—met its strict criteria for safety and efficacy.
David Andrews, EWG’s acting chief science officer, emphasizes that using any sunscreen is better than none. "Wearing sunscreen is essential for skin protection and can greatly reduce your risk of skin cancers," he notes. Each year, around six million adults receive treatment for nonmelanoma skin cancers, including basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas.
Who Is Most At Risk?
While anyone can develop skin cancer, studies show that non-Hispanic white individuals are at a higher risk. They have a 3% lifetime chance of developing melanoma, a particularly invasive form of skin cancer. In contrast, the likelihood for Hispanics is about 0.5% and for Black Americans just 0.1%.
Dr. Puneet Jolly, a professor of dermatology at the University of North Carolina, explains the protective role of melanin—"It acts like a thick umbrella over the nucleus of skin cells, shielding it from harmful UV radiation that can lead to DNA damage."
However, research indicates that Black Americans experience a lower survival rate from melanoma—66% over five years compared to 90% for white individuals. Delayed diagnosis and fewer dermatology visits contribute to this disparity.
Choosing the Right Sunscreen
Not all sunscreens are created equal. EWG’s findings indicate that 80% of tested products failed to provide adequate protection. Here are some essential points to consider when selecting a sunscreen:
- Active Ingredients: Mineral-based sunscreens containing zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are deemed safe and effective by the FDA.
- Broad-Spectrum Protection: Opt for sunscreens with SPF (sun protection factor) between 30 and 50 to shield against both UVB and UVA rays.
- Application Guidelines:
- Use an ounce (approximately a palmful) for full body coverage.
- Reapply every two hours, or more frequently if swimming or sweating.
- Be cautious with spray sunscreens due to uneven application and inhalation risks.
Beyond Sunscreen: Additional Protective Measures
Incorporating sun-protective clothing can enhance your defense against UV rays. These garments have a UV protection factor (UPF) rating, indicating their effectiveness. Dr. Jolly recommends garments with a UPF rating above 25, which block about 96% of harmful rays.
- Shady Spots: Utilize umbrellas, tents, or products like North Carolina’s Shibumi Shade to further reduce direct sun exposure.
Effective Application Techniques
Proper application of sunscreen is critical:
- Quantity Matters: Use about a teaspoon for your face and around an ounce for your body.
- Expiration Awareness: Most sunscreens remain effective for three years. Discard any that are past their expiration date to ensure effectiveness.
Conclusion: Make Sun Safety a Priority
Whether you’re at the beach or enjoying a festival, protecting your skin from the sun is vital. Invest in quality sunscreen and consider additional measures like sun-protective clothing and seeking shade.
For detailed evaluations of the best sunscreen products, refer to the Environmental Working Group’s 2025 Guide to Sunscreens.
Stay safe, stay protected, and enjoy North Carolina’s beautiful summer days!
